China and the United States are one of the strongest economies in the world, and both nations are considered superpowers and have contributed significantly to global politics and culture. Both countries have human rights issues, although in different forms. This means that business contracts are not usually detailed in China since the civil codes do not cover most laws. For liberals (in China and elsewhere), this is an appalling prospect; but for many ordinary people in China, its a perfectly reasonable part of the social contract between the individual and the state. China and the global economy. For any deep analysis of the ideological aspects of the China-U.S. rivalry to be complete, two questions need to be answered: What political interests do the ideologies serve, and in what forms are they presented? All these testify to the strength of the Chinese economy. Obviously, as an economy develops and new problems emerge, all social systems need certain reforms. Chinas rapid economic growth is the result of its embrace of a market economy and private enterprise. From the depth of their hearts, Americans confront the reality that the beacon of freedom has to learn from the authoritarian government of communist China in some respects. The resulting victory, which for decades the CCP spun as its solo vanquishing of an external enemy, was reinforced by defeat of an internal one (Chiang Kai-shek in 1949), establishing the legitimacy of the party and its authoritarian system. However, the long-term effects cannot be fully accessed at the moment. ChatGPT has become a sensation since its public release in November, with its ability to produce plausible responses to text prompts, including requests to write essays. But at every point since 1949 the Chinese Communist Partycentral to the institutions, society, and daily experiences that shape all Chinese peoplehas stressed the importance of Chinese history and of Marxist-Leninist doctrine. China's Transition from Socialism? It seems that the only country that can stifle Chinas growth is China itselfif it makes major policy mistakes. The geographic location factor is important since it dictates how well a country can be accessed to do business with and both China and United States have good locations since they are connected to water bodies. The founding fathers of USA forecasted their nation to be one that respects and follow basic human rights and Biblical ideas as guidance. There are several major differences: China's system is based on the governance of one political party only (China has 8 other parties that serve in a consultative role). This paper will compare two great countries the United States and China by looking in details how and why their legal and political systems differ, explain what determines the level of economic development in each country. Mandarin. Policy makers, in contrast, looking for ways to gain more control and sovereignty over the future, now play a much longer game than the West does. The Vietnamese premier is very powerful. Additionally, in such a system, services and products are distributed and offered by the individuals working privately and independently with limited regulation from the government. Canadian jurisdiction is the opposite; if it's not left to the Provinces, it's most likely the responsibility of the federal government. They still blame foreign interference for many of their misfortunes, even if it occurred more than a century ago. It is important to understand the background of the political systems in both China and the United States in order to compare both, especially the theoretical system of governance they follow, whether a pluralist or oligarchical system. The United States is famous for being ethnically and religiously diverse, but most of the branches of the government are made up of Christian and White males who have come from affluent backgrounds and studied from elite universities such as the Ivy Leagues. These are the reforms China is makingand they need to be understood on their own terms, not simply as a distorted or deficient version of a liberal model. Shan: Despite initial blunders, China has handled the coronavirus pandemic well through strict lockdowns and mass testing. Seventy years on, many Chinese believe that their political system is now actually more legitimate and effective than the Wests. In Charting China's Future (pp. For the Chinese, the key to those outcomes is respect for an appropriate hierarchy, itself a means of control. Chinas is the only major economy that requires no special approval for foreign direct investments, although some sectors, such as Lived Change media and the internet, are on a negative list that restricts them. Accelerate your career with Harvard ManageMentor. The Chinese spent countless hours restructuring their legal system to closer represent those in the Western business. Many Chinese not only dont believe that democracy is necessary for economic success but do believe that their form of government is legitimate and effective. And what if the market itself is in China? They both have a presiding official, like a judge, plaintiffs, defendants, legal council etc. Learn how to overcome barriers when working globally. Today the differences are arguably a lot smaller, and there are many areas in which the two can benefit from cooperation. According to this view, economic growth and increasing prosperity will cause China to move toward a more liberal model for both its economy and its politics, as did those countries. While Bidens policy proposals reflect fading U.S. hegemonistic attitudes, Trump is showing Americans the status quo of U.S. power. In conclusion, it is not possible to have a unanimous decision on which political and economic practice is best for the entire universe. Solinger, D. J. Some real differences between the two countries do exist, but they have historically managed them without escalating tensions. China vs. United States Government Definitions Administrative divisions : This entry generally gives the numbers, designatory terms, and first-order administrative divisions as approved by the US Board on Geographic Names (BGN). And only the U.S. can threaten Americas economic supremacyby underinvesting in its own infrastructure and by limiting trade. Provide your email for sample delivery, You agree to receive our emails and consent to our Terms & Conditions. The CPC runs the country while the other non communist parties play the role of participatory. Get a 100% original essay FROM A CERTIFIED WRITER! Disclaimer: ProEssays.net is a custom writing service that provides online on-demand writing work for assistance purposes. Either way you slice it, the economies are the two strongest . Time is money, in other words. The primary contrast between China and the U.S. is that the former supports political diversity while the latter aggressively imposes its envisioned political conformity upon all others. However, both states have a very different political landscape, which is what will be discussed in the paper today. Pundits tend to be alarmed by a default here and there. This shapes the way they make long-term commitments, especially those that entail short-term trade-offs or losses. Weijian Shan was born in China and had his life upended by the Cultural Revolution. Any shift in supply chains will be gradual and partial, because its very costly to move from the most efficient supplier to the second or third best. Many people have wrongly assumed that political freedom would follow new economic freedoms in China and that its economic growth would have to be built on the same foundations as in the West. Many Westerners assume that China is on the same development trajectory that Japan, Britain, Germany, and France embarked on in the immediate aftermath of World War IIthe only difference being that the Chinese started much later than other Asian economies, such as South Korea and Malaysia, after a 40-year Maoist detour. There are, however, other forms of citizen engagement at a more local level when electing a township government, which can be done through public recommendation or public nomination ( (Cheng), 2011). Some manufacturing has been relocated away from China since the trade war with the U.S. began in 2018, but that hasnt made a dent in either Chinas exports or Americas trade deficit. In 2020 China had more billionaires than the U.S. did, and it outpaces the U.S. three to one in minting them. Its just not liberal reform. Chinas recent history means that Chinese people and the state approach decisions very differently from Westernersin both the time frames they use and the risks they worry about most. Earn badges to share on LinkedIn and your resume. A Chinese professor who has lived in both the US and China believes there is a core cultural difference leading to the country's diverging paths. Unlike China, the U.S. spends more than 50% above its annual revenues leading to high deficits. Nolan, P. (2012). Those countries have since 1945 been pluralist democracies with independent judiciaries. Additionally, the paper will also give examples of economic and macro-political changes and show why market-based systems are being adopted by transition economies. The pandemic has added urgency, but American politicians appear not to have found the answers. The one long-term asset class in which increasing numbers of Chinese are investedthat is, residential property, ownership of which grew from 14% of 25-to-69-year-olds in 1988 to 93% by 2008is driven also by the need for security: Unlike all other assets, property ensures a roof over ones head if things go wrong, in a system with limited social welfare and a history of sudden policy changes. Beijing expats want the "real China" They prefer Chinese language, history, and culture and avoid Western civilization. This, of course, mirrors the role of U.S. defense and intelligence spending in the development of Silicon Valley. The geographic location of a country, its educational, political and legal systems plays a key role in the economic well-being of a country. The name of the game in China is scale. But defaults and bankruptcies are common in a market economy. Some of these challenges are brought about by differences in legal, political and economic systems of different countries. A nation that practice individualism and democracy is more likely to have an economic system that is market-based and this is more desirable since it allows businesses to produce what their products maximally thereby making desirable profits. This paper analyzed the different political structures of both countries and highlighted the stark differences between a democratic state and a communist state, but the analysis also provided one similarity, which was the elitist government structure that existed in both political structures. The differences in political beliefs led to the formation of a two-party system in the United States, contrary to George Washington's wishes. They dont know how socialist it is, with its Social Security system and its policies to tax the rich by collecting capital gains taxes. This clear disconnect is attributable to the so-called "culture war" that's spiraled out of control over the past year and has led to profound changes in American society since then. Reforming Sino-American Cultural Exchange for the Better. How can outside investors ensure that they dont become collateral damage in a bigger political and economic war? A country that provides its citizen with education produces better minds that can bring in better business ideas to the economy. Politicians and business leaders continue to misread Chinas strategy and politics. The task, in both China and the West, is to reduce the gap between the ideal of basic human rights and the reality. Obviously the ideology of nationalist identification under the pandemic has greatly roughened the political landscape for China and the U.S. As the United States is considered a representative republic, citizen engagement is all the more important and starts with providing the citizens of the country, regardless of gender and over the age of 18, the right to vote for their communities in the form of local elections that can elect congresses that represent their towns and constituencies as well in the Presidential election for the various arms of the executive branch. In such a system innovation is limited since people do don feel motivated to come up with brilliant business ideas because undesirable laws keep on blocking them. Some manufacturing has been relocated away from China since the trade war with the U.S. began in 2018, but that hasnt made a dent in either Chinas exports or Americas trade deficit. The Chinese premier less so. They dont know how capitalist China is. Some of its technological successes have been driven by market forces: People wanted to buy goods or communicate more easily, and the likes of Alibaba and Tencent have helped them do just that. One reason that many people misread Chinas trajectory may be thatparticularly in the English-language promotional materials the Chinese use overseasthe country tends to portray itself as a variation on a liberal state, and therefore more trustworthy. Majority of China's production companies are owned and managed by the government. This plays out every time a Western company negotiates access to the Chinese market. Not completely and not without very high costs. China is still in the process of building a social safety net that is largely undefined and underfunded, and it has no tax on personal capital gains. Westerners failure to appreciate this explains why many still expect China to reduce its role as investor, regulator, and, especially, intellectual property owner when that role is in fact seen as essential by the Chinese government. In other words, it's actually the U.S. that's an ideologically driven state and not China, unlike what the Western mainstream media has falsely claimed in recent years. (b) The national average SP of CO2 is 266.8 US dollars per ton, which is much higher than the carbon price in the emission trading system. Navigating your companys future in China, Americans Dont Know How Capitalist China Is, Economics and Democracy Are Two Sides of the Same Coin, Authoritarian Political Systems Cant Be Legitimate, The Chinese Live, Work, and Invest Like Westerners, A version of this article appeared in the. In the early days of the outbreak, the Trump administration tried everything possible to downplay the severity of the situation attempting to secure the economy and votes in a presidential election year. A median of 41% across the 14 EU member nations surveyed name China, compared with a median of 39% who say the same about the United States. GM sells more cars in China than in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico combined. The Chinese government is, however, much easier to decipher since it is a communist one-party state that is also led by elites even though it goes against the very grain of communism. He was born in China, and his life was upended during the Cultural Revolution, when he was sent off to do farm labor in the Gobi Desert. The city of Rongcheng, for example, uses big data (available to the government through surveillance and other data-capturing infrastructure) to give people individualized social credit scores. These are used to reward or punish citizens according to their political and financial virtues or vices. However, in recent times China has overtaken the US by at least one measure of total economic strength, which is GDP based on purchasing power parity (PPP). The complete Spotlight package is available in a single reprint. What's most ironic about this observation is that domestic American politics are nowadays focusing on the merits of diversity, yet its foreign policy is exclusively predicated on conformity. Between 1990 and 2009, investment from China to all of Latin America was about $7 billion. Western systems are . Even though China has a one-party state, it, however, has eight independent political parties that are controlled by the CCP (CIA, 2020). Simmons-Harris Comparative Politics Constitutional Powers Successful Pressure Groups UK and US Constitution Foundations of American Democracy Amendments After the Bill of Rights Articles of Confederation Brutus Papers Checks and Balances Commerce Clause Concurrent Powers Confederation Constitutional Amendment Process Contract with America The Communist Party of China does not give the citizens any chance to question the existing and it has total control of everything going on in the state (Solinger, 2016). This review discusses recent efforts to systematically compare three leading values in China's philosophical traditionsmeritocracy, hierarchy, and harmony . 13 Cultural Differences Between the U.S. and China Social Structure Confrontation/Conflict Self Face/Reputation Business Relations Morals Recognition of the Dead Humility Time Sensitivity Respect Multiculturalism Lack of Personal Space Respect for Elders 1. 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